Kapp returned to Germany in April 1922 and died the same year in prison while awaiting trial. History Learning Site Copyright 2000 - 2022. Quizzes can also be customised to suit individual needs. Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. Chris Harman interprets these events slightly differently. On March 14, 1920, the Reichswehr overthrew the Hoffmann Socialist government and installed a right-wing regime under Gustav von Kahr. Includes video clip. Continue In The Lost Revolution (1982) he comments: "The putsch was, in fact, confronted by something far more threatening. It had no effect. With the deaths of Liebknecht and Luxemburg, the party fell into temporary disarray though the Communist Party gained strength in the 1920s under the leadership of Thurman. On March 13, 1920, a military putsch shook the one-and-a-half-year-old Weimar Republic. But for the first time they fought on the side of the working class." By 1928, the Spartacists/Communists had grown into a bona fide minority political party. Similar History resources: The Kapp Putsch. Kapp issued a decree threatening to shoot strikers. The Weimar government fled to Dresden. Its immediate cause was the government's attempt to demobilize two Freikorps brigades. It was led by Gen. Walther von Lttwitz, the commander of the Reichswehr (German army) in . When the Spartacist Revolt broke out, they were organised by Ebert and told to suppress the uprising. In 1920, after the failure of the Kapp Putsch, a Communist paramilitary group called the Red Army rebelled in the Ruhr. On the one hand, strikes continued and led to a succession of leftist and Communist insurrections, the most serious of which was the Ruhr Uprising which was suppressed by reactionary troops and with reactionary severity in March-April 1920. By the Monday the strike was spreading throughout the country - the Ruhr, Saxony, Hamburg, Bremen, Bavaria, the industrial villages of Thuringia, even to the landed estates of rural Prussia. The main goal of the putsch was to overthrow the Weimar Republic and reverse the effects Treaty of Versailles. Main . Ready-made, self-marking quizzes With Test Mode, you'll find ready-made, self-marking quizzes to help identify knowledge gaps. Weimar and Nazi Germany, 1918-39. Nationalist terrorists assassinated 356 government politicians, including. The Kapp Putsch happened in Berlin. Luxemburg had written numerous pamphlets about. The Kapp Putsch (March 1920) led by Captain Erdhardt and Wolfgang Kapp which tried to overthrow President Ebert and the government. In December 1918, some of the Spartacists including Luxemburg and Liebknecht founded the German Communist Party. These would have been battle-hardened men who had been subjected to military discipline. January 28, 2022 . Only a general strike by the trade unions restored the republican government. Communists defending their position in Berlin. Many soldiers had returned from the war fronts massively disillusioned with the German government and hugely suspicious of anything that smacked of left-wing political beliefs. It went out at 11am on the day of the coup, Saturday 13 March. Its effects could be felt everywhere in the capital within 24 hours, despite it being a Sunday. The year before, the Freikorps had saved the government, crushing a communist uprising known as the Spartacist Revolt, but now the Freikorps are becoming a growing problem for the German government, which is still weak and facing opposition from both the left and right.#GCSEHistory #GCSERevision #WeimarGermanyPATREON: https://www.patreon.com/alonglongtimeago***---Useful resources---***Quizlet Flashcards: Coming soonPractice exam-style questions:Coming soonFor other Weimar \u0026 Nazi Germany exam-style questions (inc. source \u0026 interpretations questions): https://quizlet.com/_6cqa3dRevision Notes:- By 1920, Eberts government were struggling to control the Freikorps- Mar 1920, Freikorps units near Berlin were due to be disbanded- This made them fear unemployment so they turned on the Republic- 5000 armed men marched on Berlin- Ebert ordered General Seeckt (head of the Reichswehr), to resist the rebels- General Seeckt told Ebert that Reichswehr does not open fire upon Reichswehr- The rebels soon gained control of the city- The rebels put forward right-wing politician, Wolfgang Kapp, as a figurehead leader, declaring a new government in Germany \u0026 inviting the Kaiser to return from exile- In fear of their lives, the government fled to Weimar and then to Stuttgart- The government encouraged passive resistance, urging people to go on strike and not cooperate- Many workers obliged - their socialist leanings meant they did not want to see the return of the Kaiser- Essential services, (gas, electricity, water and transport) in the city, ground to a halt- After 4 days, Kapp realised he couldn't govern and fled- Kapp was caught and put in prison, where he later died- The rebellion collapsed and the Weimar ministers returnedThe challenge of ongoing political violence 1919-23:- They also faced a series of political assassinations, on top of the Spartacist \u0026 Kapp uprisings - 1919, Hugo Haase, one of Eberts council of the People's Representatives, was murdered- Aug 1921, Matthias Erzberger, the politician who signed the armistice, was shot and killed- Jun 1922, Walther Rathenau, Weimar foreign minister, was machine gunned to death in Berlin- 1919-1922, in total, there were 376 political murders- Most victims were left-wing or moderate politicians- Not a single right-wing murderer was convicted and executed, whilst 10 left wing assassins were- Judges were sympathetic to the right-wing and even undermined the Weimar Republic in courts- Most parties chose to hire armed men to guard their meetings- They often recruited unemployed ex-soldiers- The KPDs private army were the Rotfrontkampfer (red front fighters)- The DNVPs were the Stahlhelm (Steel Helmets)- The SPD had the Reichsbanner Schwartz-Rot-Gold (Back Red Gold Flag)- Political armies were initially for protection, though their presence often caused violenceFOR FULL NOTES FOLLOW LINK: https://quizlet.com/_59lgnv?x=1jqt\u0026i=1fj39y***---Social Media---***Twitter: https://twitter.com/alongtimeago_YT || @alongtimeago_YTPatreon: https://www.patreon.com/alonglongtimeagoInsta: https://www.instagram.com/alonglongtimeago || @alonglongtimeagohttps://www.facebook.com/alongtimeagoYT/ The attempted coup was thwarted by public opposition, divisions within the military and misjudgements by those who initiated it. On the evening of 12th March, 1920, the Ehrhardt brigade went into action. The Kapp Putsch was a direct threat to Weimar's new government. This group consisted of members of the paramilitary Freikorps and had the support of many army officers. The majority of the Spartacists were civilians. The Kapp Putsch In March 1920, according to the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, the Germans were obliged to dismiss between 50,000 and 60,000 men from the armed forces. The government was. Why did the Kapp Putsch occur? Categories & Ages. LS23 6AD Among the units to be disbanded was a naval brigade commanded by Captain Herman Ehrhardt, a leader of a unit of Freikorps. He planned to establish a dictatorship in the Bavarian city of Munich, with the ultimate aim of overthrowing the Weimar Republic. Subscribe to our Spartacus Newsletter and keep up to date with the latest articles. This anomalous position became more marked after March 1920, when an attempt to overthrow the Reich Government in Berlin by force failed (the Kapp Putsch), but a simultaneous coup d'etat succeeded in Bavaria. When was the Munich Beer Hall Putsch? The Kapp putsch was a March 1920 attempt to overthrow the Social Democratic Party (SPD) government, carried out by army officers, Freikorps members and right-wing nationalists. In March of 1920 a right wing group, led by Wolfgang Kapp rose in Berlin. Among the units to be disbanded was a naval brigade commanded by Captain Herman Ehrhardt, a leader of a unit of Freikorps. Past papers? The German army did nothing. By midday the strike had already started. The Kapp Putsch happened in March 1920. The government was. The Kapp Putsch The Freikorps tried an uprising of their own in 1920, led by Wolfgang Kapp. The political philosophy of the Spartacists was determined by Rosa Luxemburg who wrote the Junius Pamphlet whilst serving a prison sentence in Germany. The Spartacists were named after Spartacus who led a revolt by slaves against the might of the Romans in 73 B.C. The effects of the Kapp Putsch throughout Germany were more lasting than in Berlin. The Kapp Putsch. There were no trains running, no electricity and no gas. West Yorkshire, Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! In three parts of Germany - the industrial heartland of the Ruhr, the mining and industrial areas of central Germany, and the northern region between Lubeck and Wismar - the armed working class effectively took power into its own hands.". Many had held onto their weapons, remained loyal to the Kaiser and supported right wing parties, meaning that they hated the communists. Background German economy ruined - millions dead - government collapsed. The Freikorps grew in strength after the Spartacist Revolt in 1919. From Adolf Hitler by John Tolund, publ'shed in 1996. By the Monday the strike was spreading throughout the country - the Ruhr, Saxony, Hamburg, Bremen, Bavaria, the industrial villages of Thuringia, even to the landed estates of rural Prussia.". On March 13th, 1920, Luttwitz seized Berlin and proclaimed that a new right of centre nationalist government was being established with Kapp as chancellor. Captain Herman Ehrhardt met no resistance as they took over the ministries and proclaimed a new government headed by Wolfgang Kapp, a right-wing politician. ins.style.display='block';ins.style.minWidth=container.attributes.ezaw.value+'px';ins.style.width='100%';ins.style.height=container.attributes.ezah.value+'px';container.appendChild(ins);(adsbygoogle=window.adsbygoogle||[]).push({});window.ezoSTPixelAdd(slotId,'stat_source_id',44);window.ezoSTPixelAdd(slotId,'adsensetype',1);var lo=new MutationObserver(window.ezaslEvent);lo.observe(document.getElementById(slotId+'-asloaded'),{attributes:true});Hermann Ehrhardt entering Berlin on 12th March 1920. There was something in these complaints, and as a consequence the date of the general election for the first republican Reichstag was hastened and was fixed for the following June, while all attempts to change the method of election for the presidency of the Republic were abandoned. While her political philosophy may well have merited such pamphlets, many Germans (and Europeans in general) were terrified of the Red Plague in Russia and the adoption of the name communist was fraught with danger. However, Noske did not kill himself and instead fled to Dresden with Friedrich Ebert. Noske contacted the police and security officers but they had joined the coup themselves. On the night of 13-14 March 1920, the District Commander of the Reichswehr (the German Regular Army), General Arnold von Mohl, presented the Social Democratic Premier of Bavaria, Johannes Hoffman, with an ultimatum which led to the establishment of a right-wing government under Gustav von Kahr, from which the parties of the Left were excluded. Driven from Berlin by the failure of the Kapp Putsch, the notorious Captain Ehrhardt and his Ehrhardt Brigade found shelter in Bavaria, and here were arranged the murders of Erzberger, the man who had signed the Armistice of 1918, and Walther Rathenau, Germany's Jewish Foreign Minister, who had initiated the policy of fulfilling the provisions of the Peace Treaty. At first they were mainly used to fight the Poles and the Balts on the disputed eastern frontiers, but soon they were backing plots for the overthrow of the republican regime. Five days after the putsch began, Wolfgang Kapp announced his resignation and fled to Sweden. It was in Bavaria that the irreconcilable elements of the Freikorps gathered, armed bands of volunteers formed under the patronage of the Reichswehr at the end of the war to maintain order and protect the eastern frontiers of Germany against the Poles and the Bolsheviks, but now just as willing to turn their guns against the Republic. A workers' uprising led by the Communists took place in the Ruhr in the spring of 1920. Its effects could be felt everywhere in the capital within 24 hours, despite it being a Sunday. The Spartacists, led by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, were a group of radical socialists who found fame in the first few months after the November Armistice when Germany experienced its so-called Revolution. Nothing remains but suicide." A video about the failed rising in Germany (1920) led by Wolfgang Kapp After the Spartacist Revolt there were about 250,000 Freikorps members. It was supported by parts of the Reichswehr, as well as nationalist and monarchist factions. if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'historylearningsite_co_uk-leader-1','ezslot_6',115,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-historylearningsite_co_uk-leader-1-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'historylearningsite_co_uk-leader-1','ezslot_7',115,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-historylearningsite_co_uk-leader-1-0_1'); .leader-1-multi-115{border:none !important;display:block !important;float:none !important;line-height:0px;margin-bottom:7px !important;margin-left:0px !important;margin-right:0px !important;margin-top:7px !important;max-width:100% !important;min-height:250px;padding:0;text-align:center !important;}. The Kapp Putsch of 1920 involved a rebellion by members of the Freikorps when the Weimar Government tried to disband them. 2 April 2020. There were no trains running, no electricity and no gas. In March 1920, one of them, the notorious Ehrhardt Brigade, led by a freebooter, Captain Ehrhardt, occupied Berlin and enabled Dr Wolfgang Kapp, a mediocre politician of the extreme Right, to proclaim himself Chancellor. In the disturbed and unstable condition of Germany between 1918 and 1923, the power of the central government in Berlin was weakened, and the Bavarian State Government was able to exploit a situation in which the orders of the Reich Government were only respected if they were backed by the support of the authorities in Munich. In Munich at the same time a different kind of military coup d'etat was more successful. VAT reg no 816865400. The Munich Putsch In November 1923, Hitler tried to take advantage of the hyperinflationcrisis facing the Weimar government by instigating a revolutionin Munich - known as the Munich Putsch. Wolfgang Kapp The regime of the Weimar Republic was challenged from both right and left in Germany throughout the early 1920s, and there was widespread fear of upheaval on the model of the Russian Revolution. Here General Ludendorff settled, along with a host of other disgruntled, discharged Army officers. Spartacists & Kapp Putsch GERMANY: Spartacists. It went out at 11am on the day of the coup, Saturday 13 March. It had 29,000 members by the end of 1922. In 1920, they got 4; in 1924 they got 62; in 1924 45 MPs and in 1928, 54 MPs. General Hans von Seeckt informed him "Reichswehr does not fire on Reichswehr." Ebert withdrew his government to the safety of Weimar and allowed the Freikorps and what remained of the regular army to bring peace and stability back to Berlin once again. In January 1919, the Communists rose up in revolt in Berlin. Named after its leaders Wolfgang Kapp and Walther von Lttwitz, its goal was to undo the German Revolution of 1918-1919, overthrow the Weimar Republic, and establish an autocratic government in its place. 2002-2022 Tutor2u Limited. On the one hand, strikes continued and led to a succession of leftist and Communist insurrections, the most serious of which was the Ruhr Uprising which was suppressed by reactionary troops and with reactionary severity in MarchApril 1920. Many had held onto their weapons, remained loyal to the Kaiser and supported right wing parties, meaning that they hated the communists. 214 High Street, Company Reg no: 04489574. Walther von Lttwitz and Wolfgang Kapp were two former army officers of the imperial German military. Many who had quit the German Army joined the right wing Free Corps (Freikorps). And now the Bavarian capital became a magnet for all those forces in Germany which were determined to overthrow the Republic, set up an authoritarian regime and repudiate the Diktat of Versailles. The terms of the Treaty of Versailles meant the German army had to be reduced and the Freikorps had. During 5 - 12 January 1919, 50,000 members of the post-World War One Communist Party, known as the Spartacists, rebelled in Berlin, led by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht. Challenges and Threats to the Weimar Republic. However, in March 1920 the Government attempted to disband the Freikorps and consequently the Ebert government lost control of the Freikorps. Kapp was assisted by General Luttwitz and a brigade of Freikorps soldiers, who on 13th March 1920 seized Berlin and proclaimed a new right-wing government, declaring Kapp to be the new Chancellor. However, the leaders of the German Army refused to put down the rebellion. Luxemburg had written numerous pamphlets about Lenin and how his leadership of the Russian Revolution would be of such great value to Russia.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'historylearningsite_co_uk-medrectangle-4','ezslot_1',114,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-historylearningsite_co_uk-medrectangle-4-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'historylearningsite_co_uk-medrectangle-4','ezslot_2',114,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-historylearningsite_co_uk-medrectangle-4-0_1'); .medrectangle-4-multi-114{border:none !important;display:block !important;float:none !important;line-height:0px;margin-bottom:7px !important;margin-left:0px !important;margin-right:0px !important;margin-top:7px !important;max-width:100% !important;min-height:250px;padding:0;text-align:center !important;}. Where was the Kapp Putsch? On the other hand, it left a rump of military conspirators such as Col. Bauer, Maj. Pabst and Capt. In each of these elections they did better than the. Lttwitz returned to Germany as part of an amnesty in 1925. It initially took place in support of the call for a general strike issued by the Social Democrat members of the German government, the unions, and other parties in response to the right-wing Kapp Putsch of 13 March 1920. Here the condotlieri of the free corps, including the members of the Ehrhardt Brigade, found a refuge and a welcome. Richard M. Watt, the author of The Kings Depart: The Tragedy of Germany - Versailles and the German Revolution (1973), has argued: "The Kapp putsch was brought to an end by a combination of the Chancellor Kapp's total incompetence and the astonishing effectiveness of a general strike which the socialists called." VERIFIED CONTENT. As Chris Harman, the author of The Lost Revolution (1982), has pointed out: "The appeal had an immediate impact. Enter account PIN for undefined to start watching.. digit 1 digit 2 digit 3 digit 4. The Munich Beer Hall Putsch, was an armed uprising led by Hitler. Stresemann Era. Find ALL your GCSE, IGCSE, AS, A-level exam papers & mark schemes FAST and download them for free from one site: fastpastpapers.com! The aftermath of joy is not usually more joy.Mason Cooley (b. "At first sight the collapse of the Kapp putsch could be viewed as a major success for the Weimar Republic. Discover curriculum-aligned study sets below, plus individualised learning activities for each learning objective. Among the grievances which Kapp and his followers had voiced against the government were (a) that the national assembly, which had been elected to serve temporarily, was beginning to act as a permanent Reichstag; (b) that it seemed this assembly might revise the constitution with respect to the election of the President of the Republic so that the Reichstag, rather than the electorate of the country, was responsible for the President's election. However, the trade union leaders refused to flee and Carl Legien called for a general strike to take place. The government was. In the 1919 election the Communists got no MPs into the Reichstag. The Freikorps were the training schools for the political murder and terrorism which disfigured German life up to 1924, and again after 1929. Louis L. Snyder has argued: "The strike was effective because without water, gas, electricity, and transportation, Berlin was paralyzed." Many different styles of learning Quizlet's 8 study modes allow every student to find a revision method that works for them, making learning more personalised. In each of these elections they did better than the Nazis. Here were plotted the political murders, among them that of Matthias Erzberger, the moderate Catholic politician who had had the courage to sign the armistice when.the generals backed out; and of Walther Rathenau, the brilliant, cultured Foreign Minister, whom the extremists hated for being a Jew and for carrying out the national government's policy of trying to fulfil at least some of the provisions of the Versailles Treaty. Kapp was assisted by General Luttwitz who led a group of Freikorps men. 55K views 2 years ago It's 1920 and Friedrich Ebert's government are struggling to control the Freikorps. Kapp Putsch, (1920) in Germany, a coup d'tat that attempted to overthrow the fledgling Weimar Republic.Its immediate cause was the government's attempt to demobilize two Freikorps brigades. He commented: "Everyone has deserted me. Kapp Putsch, (1920) in Germany, a coup d'tat that attempted to overthrow the fledgling Weimar Republic. He marched 5,000 of his men twelve miles from their military barracks to Berlin. 1927). The Freikorps were a group of former soldiers who had fought in the First World War, but due to the military restrictions placed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles were unemployed. When was the Kapp Putsch? In the six days of crisis, it had retained the backing of the people of Berlin and had effectively withstood a major threat from the extreme right.". In November 1923, Hitler tried to take advantage of the hyperinflation crisis facing the Weimar government by trying to launch a revolution in Munich - known as the Munich Putsch. Its 1920 and Friedrich Eberts government are struggling to control the Freikorps. Although it did not support Kapp, it didn't come to the aid of the government either. No-one doubted who would win. In the 1919 election the Communists got no MPs into the Reichstag. Ehrhardt, who found refuge in Bavaria under the reactionary government of Gustav von Kahr (itself an indirect product of the Kapp coup) and there attempted to organize plots against the republican constitution and government of Germany. In March 1920, according to the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, the Germans were obliged to dismiss between 50,000 and 60,000 men from the armed forces. Kapp issued a decree threatening to shoot strikers. var cid='1427959711';var pid='ca-pub-1708185697831973';var slotId='div-gpt-ad-spartacus_educational_com-medrectangle-3-0';var ffid=2;var alS=2021%1000;var container=document.getElementById(slotId);container.style.width='100%';var ins=document.createElement('ins');ins.id=slotId+'-asloaded';ins.className='adsbygoogle ezasloaded';ins.dataset.adClient=pid;ins.dataset.adChannel=cid;if(ffid==2){ins.dataset.fullWidthResponsive='true';} The Kapp Putsch was a right-wing uprising against the Weimar Republic . Ready-made, self-marking quizzes With Test Mode, you'll find ready-made, self-marking quizzes to help identify knowledge gaps. Kapp was a right wing journalist who opposed the government on the grounds that he held it responsible for the humiliating Treaty of Versailles. The appeal had an immediate impact. The Regular Army, under General von Seeckt, had stood by while the President of the Republic and the government fled in disarray to western Germany. A member of the German Communist Party (KPD) argued: "The middle-ranking railway, post, prison and judicial employees are not Communist and they will not quickly become so. The brigade had played a role in crushing the Bavarian Socialist Republic in May, 1919. Bavaria was thenceforward ruled by a State government which had strong particularist leanings and a Right-wing bias quite out of sympathy with the policies pursued by the central government in Berlin. It. In January 1919, the Communists rose up in revolt in Berlin. One of the brigades took Berlin, with the cooperation of the Berlin army district commander. It seemed like. The Freikorps was better organised and armed they also had a military background. The year before, the Freikorps had saved the government, crushing a communist uprising. By midday the strike had already started. During 5 - 12 January 1919, 50,000 members of the post-World War One Communist Party, known as the Spartacists, rebelled in Berlin, led by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht. BBC Bitesize; Get Revising.co.uk; Simple theme. munich putsch bbc bitesize munich putsch bbc bitesize. Berlin had been seized from the German Social Democrat government. It was the last in a series of uprisings that threatened the Weimar Republic between 1919 and 1923. In every sense it was a futile gesture against the government. No mercy was shown to the Spartacists/Communists whose leaders were murdered after being arrested. Many different styles of learning Quizlet's 8 study modes allow every student to find a revision method that works for them, making learning more personalised. Quizzes can also be customised to suit individual needs. Save time! In every sense it was a futile gesture against the government. With the deaths of Liebknecht and Luxemburg, the party fell into temporary disarray though the Communist Party gained strength in the 1920s under the leadership of Thurman. Bavaria thus became a natural centre for all those who were eager to get rid of the republican regime in Germany, and the Bavarian Government turned a blind eye to the treason and conspiracy against the legal government of the Reich which were being planned on its doorstep in Munich. Use Quizlet for Edexcel GCSE History to learn Weimar and Nazi Germany, 1918-39. Who was involved in the Kapp Putsch? The Ruhr uprising (German: Ruhraufstand) or March uprising (Mrzaufstand) was a left-wing workers' revolt in the Ruhr region of Germany in March 1920. The Spartacists, led by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, were a group of radical socialists who found 'fame' in the first few months after the November Armistice when Germany experienced its so-called 'Revolution'. The crisis in the relations of Bavaria with the Reich (AugustSeptember 1921) which ended in von Kahr's resignation was a further phase of the same trouble. Communists inspired by the Russian Revolution Communists had taken over Bavaria. It had no effect. During 5 - 12 January 1919, 50,000 members of the post-World War One Communist Party, known as the Spartacists, rebelled in Berlin, led by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht. The Freikorps were a group of former soldiers who had fought in the First World War, but due to the military restrictions placed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles were unemployed. It was organised by the Freikorps (ex-soldiers) and led by Dr Wolfgang Kapp. The Minister of Defence, Gustav Noske, had only 2,000 men to oppose the rebels. In 1920, they got 4; in 1924 they got 62; in 1924 45 MPs and in 1928, 54 MPs. Managed by Caboodle UX design studio in London, The Spartacists were actually founded in the summer of 1915 when both Luxemburg and Liebknecht left the SDP because of the partys support for Germanys participation in the, In December 1918, some of the Spartacists including Luxemburg and Liebknecht founded the German Communist Party. The effects of the Kapp Putsch throughout Germany were more lasting than in Berlin. However, the local military commander, General George Maercker refused to protect them and they were forced to travel to Stuttgart. Boston Spa, The Kapp Putsch was an attempted coup d'tat by the Freikorps group of Marinebrigade Ehrhardt. Armed free-corps bands sprang up all over Germany and were Secretly equipped by the Reichswehr. bbc. Boston House, The Spartacists were named after Spartacus who led a revolt by slaves against the might of the Romans in 73 B.C.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'historylearningsite_co_uk-medrectangle-3','ezslot_3',129,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-historylearningsite_co_uk-medrectangle-3-0'); The Spartacists were actually founded in the summer of 1915 when both Luxemburg and Liebknecht left the SDP because of the partys support for Germanys participation in the First World War. 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